and Medicine Engineering National Academies of Sciences, Health and Medicine Division, Board on Health Sciences Policy, Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders, Clare Stroud (EDT), Noam I. Keren (EDT), Lisa Bain (EDT) Developing Multimodal Therapies for Brain Disorders

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Multimodal therapy approaches that combine interventions aimed at different aspects of disease are emerging as potential"and perhaps essential"ways to enhance clinical outcomes for patients with psychiatric and neurological disorders. In order to examine the general principles underlying multimodal therapies and to explore challenges, potential barriers, and opportunities for their development, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop in June 2016. Participants explored scientific, clinical, regulatory, and reimbursement issues related to multimodal approaches and potential opportunities to enhance clinical outcomes for individuals with nervous system disorders. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.